If anything got into your turbo, it would have blown out of it instantly, same if any fins broke: the boost pressure would blow them into your intercooler.
Do this: Take off your air intake pipe. GENTLY stick your finger into the turbo inlet, and see if the wheel spins. If you can get any light in there, visually inspect the turbo fins for any damage.
If the turbo doesn't spin, the center section is cooked. If there is alot of 'play' (the wheel moves around in and out or side to side), again, center section.
If you have damaged blades, your situation can get far worse: an unbalanced turbo wheel will eventually make contact with the housing and destroy itself. The peices will get sucked into your intake tract, and there is a chance that they could be sucked into your engine causing catastrophic failure.
In either of the above situations, you will need a new turbo. Replacing a turbo is a drop in affair, if you buy a drop in turbo